Britit houkuttelevat kiinalaisia investointeja

Pääministeri Gordon Brown kävi Kiinassa. The Independent raportoi Brownin puheesta:

"We want Britain to be the number one destination of choice for Chinese business as it invests in the rest of the world. I believe by 2010 we will see 100 new Chinese companies investing in the UK, we will see 100 partnerships between our universities and Chinese universities and we will double the number of firms listed on the London Stock Exchange and thousands of jobs will be created."

Tässä taas linkki WWF:n Kiinan FDI:hin liittyvään raporttiin.

Software as a service (SaaS) Kiinassa

Kiinalaisen bloggarin näkemys asiaan.

Kiinan ympäristönsuojelupolitiikan analyysi Science-lehdessä

Linkki artikkeliin.

Intian pääministeri vierailulla Kiinassa

Ote pääministeri Manmohan Singhin julkilausumasta 14.1.2008 Pekingissä:

"Science and Technology is another priority area and we have identified earthquake engineering, disaster management, climate change, biotechnology and nano sciences as areas for further cooperation."

www.rediff.com raportoi lisäksi:

"India and China on Monday pledged to promote bilateral cooperation in civilian nuclear sector."

Puolet Kiinan uusista rakennuksista ei täytä energiatehokkuusnormeja

China Daily 14.1.2008:

• All new buildings in the country were designed for energy efficiency by property developers - but only half have been found to meet national energy conservation standards.
• Energy consumption will be reduced 40 percent nationwide on average if the standards are fully implemented. In addition, this will help ease energy shortages and contribute to combating climate change.

Mutta:

• The Ministry of Construction discovered in recent nationwide inspections that only 53 percent of projects under construction are turning energy-saving promises into action, said Song.
• On average, about 2 billion sq m of new buildings are built each year.

Worldwatch: Kiina menossa alle kolmessa vuodessa maailman johtoon uudistuvissa energianlähteissä

China Daily raportoi:

"I think China will be number one in less than three years in every renewable energy market in the world," Worldwatch president Chris Flavin told reporters at the launch of the annual "State of the World" report.
...
"Although there are some great success stories in Europe in terms of renewable energy, I don't think anyone can compare with China in terms of the speed with which new markets have been created and in the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of new laws."

Worldwatchin State of the World 2008 -raportti ostettavissa täältä.

Kiina suunnittelee "megaministeriöitä"

BBC raportoi:

"The State Council, or cabinet, is considering the creation of some "mega-ministries".

For example, China's Central Policy Institute is proposing a financial regulatory body following the model of the UK's Financial Services Authority.

Agriculture, another area facing restructuring, may mirror the US model."

Saapa nähdä ulottuuko suunnitelman vaikutus tiede- ja teknologiasektorille, ja jos ulottuu niin miten.

Kiinan uusi tiede- ja teknologialaki määrää t&k-menot kasvamaan vuosi vuodelta

Revision of the 1993 Science and Technology (S&T) Progress Law 29 December 2007.

Otteita:

• Private and public R&D investment should continue to increase steadily each year
• Industry including SMEs will be more involved in innovative research activities
  
• Research and equipment will enjoy favourable tax rates
• Researchers and institutions can own patents
• Scientists who do not complete scientifically high-risk projects will not be punished under the new law, provided their research records can prove the risk was too great
• Researchers committing malpractice will be punished

Linkki aihetta koskevaan uutiseen.

International Energy Agency World Energy Outlook 2007: China and India

Linkki yhteenvetoon.

Otteita tekstistä:

• If governments around the world stick with current policies – the underlying premise of our Reference Scenario – the world’s energy needs would be well over 50% higher in 2030 than today. China and India together account for 45% of the increase in demand in this scenario.
• The challenge for all countries is to put in motion a transition to a more secure, lower-carbon energy system, without undermining economic and social development. Nowhere will this challenge be tougher, or of greater importance to the rest of the world, than in China and India.
• In a High Growth Scenario, which assumes that China’s and India’s economies grow on average 1.5 percentage points per year faster than in the Reference Scenario (though more slowly than of late), energy demand is 21% higher in 2030 in China and India combined. The global increase in energy demand amounts to 6%,
• In line with the spectacular growth of the past few years, coal sees the biggest increase in demand in absolute terms, jumping by 73% between 2005 and 2030 and pushing its share of total energy demand up from 25% to 28%. Most of the increase in coal use arises in China and India. The resurgence of coal, driven primarily by booming power-sector demand in China and India, is a marked departure from past WEOs. Higher oil and gas prices are making coal more competitive as a fuel for baseload generation. China and India, which already account for 45% of world coal use, drive over four-fifths of the increase to 2030 in the Reference Scenario. In the OECD, coal use grows only very slowly, with most of the increase coming from theUnited States.
• Developing countries, whose economies and populations are growing fastest, contribute 74% of the increase in global primary energy use in this scenario. China and India alone account for 45% of this increase.
• In the Reference Scenario, China’s primary energy demand is projected to more than double from 1 742 million toe in 2005 to 3 819 Mtoe in 2030 – an average annual rate of growth of 3.2%. China, with four times as many people, overtakes the United States to become the world’s largest energy consumer soon after 2010. In 2005, US demand was more than onethird larger. In the period to 2015, China’s demand grows by 5.1% per year, driven mainly by a continuing boom in heavy industry. In the longer term, demand slows, as the economy matures, the structure of output shifts towards less energy-intensive activities and more energy-efficient technologies are introduced.
  
• China’s energy resources – especially coal – are extensive, but will not meet all the growth in its energy needs.
• China is already making major efforts to address the causes and consequences of burgeoning energy use, but even stronger measures will be needed.
• Rising global energy demand poses a real and growing threat to the world’s energy security. In the Reference Scenario, China’s and India’s combined oil imports surge, from 5.4 mb/d in 2006 to 19.1 mb/d in 2030 – more than the combined imports of Japan and the United States today. Ensuring reliable and affordable supply will be a formidable challenge.
• China is by far the biggest contributor to incremental (energy related CO2) emissions, overtaking the United States as the world’s biggest emitter in 2007. India becomes the third-largest emitter by around 2015. However, China’s per-capita emissions in 2030 are only 40% of those of the United States and about two-thirds those of the OECD as a whole in the Reference Scenario. In India, they remain far lower than those of the OECD, even though they grow faster than in almost any other region.
• Clean coal technology, notably CCS, is one of the most promising routes for mitigating emissions in the longer term – especially in China, India and the United States, where coal use is growing fastest.
• The primary scarcity facing the planet is not of natural resources nor money, but time. Investment now being made in energy-supply infrastructure will lock in technology for decades, especially in power generation. The next ten years will be crucial, as the pace of expansion in energy-supply infrastructure is expected to be particularly rapid.
• China’s and India’s energy challenges are the world’s energy challenges, which call for collective responses. No major energy consumer can be confident of secure supply if supplies to others are at risk.

ICT-sektorin tapahtumia Kiinassa 2007

ChinaTechNewsin kirjoittaja nosti esille seuraavat mielestään merkittävimpinä teemoina vuodelle 2007:

1) Alibaba IPO, "China technology news story of the year" - closed at HK$39.50 from their HK$13.50 offer price.

2) All Things Digital Video: Video on desktop and mobile interfaces hit a solid stride in 2007.

3) Tech Grows China's Northeast: Intel's opening of operations in the Dalian High-Tech Industrial Zone, Oracle Shenyang plant, Shui On Land: new software park in Dalian... British Telecom also pledged about US$70 million for development in China, with the money split between Shanghai and Dalian.

Tämä kuvastaa osaltaan pienempien "toisen tason kaupunkien" nousua kilpailemaan Pekingin, Shanghain ja muiden isojen kehittyneiden alueiden rinnalle.

4) Online Gaming: I am bearish on the Chinese gaming sector (there are too many start-ups publishing too many titles for gamers who concentrate on only playing a handful of games) but I can't deny that gaming in China is huge and we covered many stories in 2007 about this sector.

5) WVAS/MVAS Failure: companies in the Chinese mobile and wireless value-added services sector had a very rough year in 2007.

Kiinan uusia suunnitelmia ympäristö- ja energiakysymyksissä

2007 julkaistuja dokumentteja:

Xinhua uutisoi 3.kesäkuuta 2007:
General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction kiinaksi

NDRC julkaisi 4. kesäkuuta 2007:
The National Climate Change Program

Kesäkuu 2007:
China's Scientific and Technological Actions on Climate Change

Syyskuu 2007: The Medium- and Long-Term Plan on the Development of Renewable Energy kiinaksi ja englanniksi.

26. joulukuuta 2007:
White paper: China's Energy Conditions and Policies